Genistein
Description
5,7-dihydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-benzopyrone
Function
Properties
Regulatory Status
Genistein, the principal isoflavone from soy, operates through dual mechanisms in hair loss: 5α-reductase inhibition (reducing DHT) and estrogen receptor modulation (phytoestrogenic effect providing follicle-protective benefits). Particularly relevant to postmenopausal FPHL where estrogen decline activates DHT-mediated follicle miniaturization. Evidence is primarily in vitro and limited human studies; FPHL-specific large RCTs are lacking. SCCS calculated adequate margin of safety (≥100) at 0.007%. Phytoestrogenic activity requires careful claim positioning in EU cosmetics to avoid medicinal product classification. GOOD safety profile at cosmetic use levels.
Permitted cosmetic active. No OTC drug monograph. Phytoestrogenic mechanism means claim language requires care to avoid drug classification.